NARRATIVE TEXT : DEFINITION, PURPOSES, GENERIC STRUCTURES, LANGUAGE FEATURES

Narrative adalah cerita khayal yang bertujuan menghibur pembaca. Tentu yang namanya cerita khayal itu ya belum tentu keberannya karena bisa jadi itu hanyalah imaginasi atau cerita fiktif yang dibuat oleh seseorang atau cerita buatan sekelompok masyarakat yang tida terbukti kebenarannya. Contoh narrative yaitu, Cinderella, Sangkurian, Snow White, Rabbit and Crocodile, dsb. Untuk penjelasan lebih rinci silahkan baca penjelasan berikut

Definition of Narrative Text
A narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain people (teks narasi adalah cerita imaginatif yang bertujuan menghibur orang).

Generic Structure of Narrative Text
# Orientation : It is about the opening paragraph where the characters of the story are introduced.(berisi pengenalan tokoh, tempat dan waktu terjadinya cerita (siapa atau apa, kapan dan dimana)
# Complication : Where the problems in the story developed. (Permasalahan muncul / mulai terjadi dan berkembang)
# Resolution : Where the problems in the story is solved. Masalah selesai, secara baik “happy ending” ataupun buruk “bad ending”.
# Coda / reorientation (optional) – lesson from the story

Kadangkala susunan (generic structure) narrative text bisa berisi: Orientation, Complication, Evaluation, Resolution dan Reorientation. Meski “Evaluation” dan “Reorientation” merupakan optional; bisa ditambahkan dan bisa tidak. Evaluation berisi penilaian/evaluasi terhadap jalannya cerita atau konflik. Sedangkan Reorientation berisi penyimpulan isi akhir cerita.

The Characteristics / Language Feature of Narrative Text:
– Past tense (killed, drunk, etc)
– Adverb of time (Once upun a time, one day, etc)
– Time conjunction (when, then, suddenly, etc)
– Specific character. The character of the story is specific, not general. (Cinderella, Snow White, Alibaba, etc)
– Action verbs. A verb that shows an action. (killed, dug, walked, etc)
– Direct speech. It is to make the story lively. (Snow White said,”My name is Snow White). The direct speech uses present tense.

Read text carefully and see the translation
Cinderella
Once upon time, there was a beautiful girl called Cinderella. She lived with her stepsisters and stepmother. They were very bossy. She had to do all the housework.
One day an invitation to the ball came to the family. Her stepsisters did not let her go, so Cinderella was very sad. The stepsisters went to the ball without her.
Fortunately, the good fairly came and helped her to get to the ball. At the ball, Cinderella danced with the prince. The prince felt in love with her then he married her. They live happily ever after.

(Dahulu kala, ada seorang gadis cantik bernama Cinderella. Dia tinggal bersama saudara tiri dan ibu tiri nya. Mereka sangat suka memerintah. Dia harus melakukan semua pekerjaan rumah tangga.
Suatu hari sebuah undangan untuk sebuah pesta datang ke keluarga itu. Saudara tiri nya tidak membiarkan dia pergi, sehingga Cinderella sangat sedih. Saudara tiri pergi ke pesta itu tanpa dia.
Untungnya, peri yang baik datang dan membantunya untuk sampai ke pesta itu. Pada pesta itu, Cinderella berdansa dengan pangeran. Pangeran jatuh cinta padanya kemudian ia menikahinya. Mereka hidup bahagia selamanya.)

Catatan :
Ball : diartikan pesta bukan bola.

Tugas :
1. Analisa generic structure dari text yang berjudul Cinderella diatas !
2. Apa moral value (nilai moral) yang dapat diambil dari text diatas?

Contoh Text Narative lagi
Snow White
Once upon a time there lived a little girl named Snow White. She lived with her Aunt and Uncle because her parents were dead. (Orientation)
One day she heard her Uncle and Aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the castle because they both wanted to go to America and they didn’t have enough money to take Snow White. (Major Complication)
Snow White did not want her Uncle and Aunt to do this so she decided it would be best if she ran away. The next morning she ran away from home when her Aunt and Uncle were having breakfast. She ran away into the woods. (Resolution)
She was very tired and hungry. (Complication)
Then she saw this little cottage. She knocked but no one answered so she went inside and fell asleep. (Resolution)
Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work. They went inside. There they found Snow White sleeping. Then Snow White woke up. She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said, what is your name? Snow White said, ‘My name is Snow White’. (Complication)
Doc said, ‘If you wish, you may live here with us”. Snow White said, ‘Oh could I? Thank you.’ Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story and Snow White and the 7 dwarfs lived happily ever after. (Major Resolution)

Task :
Translate the text above into Indonesian !

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